2022 Design and Construction Standards - Section 1 Water Mains

10 SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS PART 1 – DESIGN 11 General All engineering plans must meet the minimum design criteria of the State Rules Governing Public Water Supplies by NC Department of Environmental Quality 15A NCAC 18C and the County Johnston County Water Distribution and Wastewater Collection , and Reclaimed Water Design and Construction Standards , whichever is more stringent All submittals , construction drawings , specifications and as - built drawings shall meet the minimum criteria stated in Section 8 - Certifications , Submittals and Inspections of this Document 12 Location All water mains are to be installed within the dedicated street rights - of - ways where possible Water utility easements shall be provided for all exceptions Mains within the street rights - of - ways shall be a minimum of 5 feet from the edge of the street pavement Water mains within the NC DOT right - of - way or in an easement immediately adjacent to a NC DOT right - of - way shall be installed at a depth of 3 feet below the centerline of the road or 3 feet below grade whichever is greater for pipelines 12 - inch in diameter and smaller Pipelines greater than 12 - inch in diameter shall be installed 3 below the centerline of the roadway and or 3 ½ feet below grade , whichever is greater No permanent structures or other utilities shall be installed over water mains or within water easements For all new subdivision , a 10 - foot utility easement should run parallel with the street right of way Water services , sewer laterals , and fire hydrants shall be installed at the at the right - of - way , unless there is a high ditch back slope Water services , sewer laterals , and fire hydrants shall be installed in the easement wherever there is a high ditch backslope 13 Size Water mains designated as major transmission mains shall be sized according to the Johnston County Director of Utilities All other transmission mains shall be designed to meet the minimum design standards set forth by the State in accordance with NC administrative Code T1518C 14 Fire Hydrants 141 Location All hydrants shall be installed within the right - of - way or within the dedicated 10 - foot utility easement adjacent to the right - of - way Fire hydrants can only be installed on mains 6 ” or larger In residential areas , fire hydrants shall be installed at a maximum distance of 500 feet from the footprint of all proposed housing units or directed by Fire Marshall In residential applications fire hydrants will be installed on the same side of the road as water lines In WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 1 2022 RevisionPageSECTION 1 - WATER MAINS commercial areas , hydrants shall be installed within 250 feet of the footprint of each building or directed by the Fire Marshall 142 Installation All hydrants shall be installed on a 6 - inch ductile iron branch with hydrant valves on each branch The valve shall be within 2 feet of the main and mechanically restrained to the main and shall be located out of ditch lines “ Aqua - Grip ” rings may be used in lieu of thrust rods Thrust blocking is required with the use of thrust rods and “ Aqua - Grip ” rings All thrust rods shall be stainless steel All hydrant valves shall be installed on the water main side of roadway ditch 15 Valves 151 Main Line Valves Main line valves shall be installed at every intersection and at every point where the water main leaves the right - of - way ie along cross country easements All valves larger than 16 ” or installed at a depth 10 ’ or greater shall be enclosed in a manhole and installed along a section of ductile iron water main Main line valves shall typically be installed immediately adjacent to a fire hydrant tee and on straight runs between intersections at a maximum spacing of 3,000 linear feet Valves should be installed on all branches from feeder mains and between mains and hydrants according to the following schedule 1 Four valves at crosses , all within 2 feet of the fitting 2 Three valves at tees within 2 feet of the fitting 3 One valve on a single hydrant branch within 2 feet of the tee , if practical 152 Air Release Valves Air valve and vent inflow preventer assemblies for portable water distribution system and storage facilities shall conform to the requirements of ANSI C512 Air Release Valves shall be required on mains 12 ” and larger which have a change in elevation of 15 feet or greater Air release valves shall be installed at the highest point within that elevation change Valves shall be 2 ” minimum with short body style Air release valves shall be made of plastic or stainless steel Valves shall be installed in minimum 4 ’ diameter traffic rated precast flat - top manholes with one joint ductile iron pipe centered in manhole Fire hydrants may be use in lieu of air release valves 153 Pressure Reducing and or Pressure Sustaining Valves Pressure reducing and or sustaining valves shall be installed as directed by the Johnston County Director of Utilities to connect areas with different pressure gradients Design parameters shall meet the Director’s requirements for pressure regulation Acceptable manufactures are Ross , Golden WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 2 2022 RevisionPageSECTION 1 - WATER MAINS Anderson , and Cla - Val If pressure reducing and or pressure sustaining valves are located in a manhole , it must meet the size and depth requirements of the air release valve specification 16 Water Services & Meters 161 Residential Services Residential water services shall be a minimum of ¾ ” in diameter All residential water meters shall be located within the road right - of - way or a 10 - foot dedicated utility easement running parallel to the dedicated roadway right - of - way No water services shall be installed on cross country “ looped ” water mains In the case of service installations on the opposite side of the road from the water main , a 1 - inch service may be installed across the roadway inside a 2 ” PVC encasement pipe the length of the road and then split into two ¾ ” services Water meters installed on a split service must be installed at 2 foot spacing on either side of the common property lines of the customers “ Split ” services shall be used to the maximum extent possible Split services shall be allowed for services only on the opposite side of the road from the water main in new subdivisions Water services shall be paired at common property lines , where possible 162 Commercial Services Commercial services shall be installed within the road right - of - way or a 10 - foot dedicated easement parallel to the roadway right - of - way where possible For sites with multiple water users , services may be located at the rear of the buildings or other suitable location to minimize impact on business operations during repair or maintenance If the services are located outside the right - of - way , sufficient utility easements must be provided for the water lines from the right - of - way to the services and around the services Meter boxes , including gang meter assemblies must be located in “ grassed ” areas or in the rear of the building Each meter box must clearly and permanently identify the unit served on a label on the interior wall of the box No meter boxes shall be installed in concrete or asphalt areas on the front side of the building Prior to the County installing the water meter , a grease trap must be installed on the premises for any food service establishments , and an oil water separator installed for any automotive service establishments The County will provide all meters at the developer’s or builder’s expense Meters will be Neptune E - Coder R900i with touch read attachment Fire protection lines on commercial property shall include a valve at the right - of - way Fire lines on commercial shall be owned and maintained by the property owner The Public Utilities responsibility end at the connection to the valve WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 3 2022 RevisionPageSECTION 1 - WATER MAINS 163 Master Meters Master meters 3 ” and larger shall be constructed above ground within an insulated heated removable enclosure or below grade in an adequately sized vault with positive drainage and approved manway access and 2 ” test port for calibration Test port shall be located on the effluent side of the master meter The property owner shall be responsible for providing power for keeping the meter thawed out during freezing weather conditions For meters 1 ½ ” and larger , a by - pass with a valve is required The by - pass may be built into the yoke or designed in the piping , depending on the size of the water service 164 Gang Meter Assemblies Gang meter assemblies shall be installed with a resilient seat gate valve with a 2 ” operating nut , valve box , and collar at the water main tap or tee All piping material shall be threaded bras Polytubing is allowed from the main to the gang meter assembly only 17 Water Backflow Cross Connection Backflow prevention shall conform to the requirements of ANSI C500 171 Required Backflow Preventers A Double Check Valve Assembly DCVA A testable DCVA shall be required on the following water taps 1 Residential water taps 2 Fire sprinkler systems without booster pump facilities or chemical additives 3 Connection to tanks , lines , and vessels that handle non - toxic substances 4 Commercial , institutional , and industrial taps with the RPZ located inside the building , a DCVA shall be installed near the main tap at right - of - way or at the point of delivery 5 Other water taps as deemed necessary by Johnston County Utilities or Johnston County Department of Inspections B Reduced Pressure Zone RPZ An RPZ shall be required on the following water taps 1 All irrigation services , including those on shared service connections with domestic 2 All commercial , institutional , and industrial establishments 3 Fire lines fire systems with booster pump facilities or chemical additives 4 Other water taps as deemed necessary by Johnston County Utilities or Johnston County Department of Inspections 172 Backflow Prevention Assembly Installation Backflow prevention assemblies must be located in a place where it is WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 4 2022 RevisionPagePage pageNumber5SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS readily accessible for regular testing , maintenance , and inspection Any bypass lines parallel to a backflow prevention assembly shall have an approved backflow prevention assembly installed that is equal to that on the main line A DCVA 1 Vertical or horizontal installation acceptable 2 Adequate drainage shall be provided if installed below ground B RPZ 1 Above ground installation preferred Property owner must provide power to heat insulated enclosure 2 Below ground vault shall have positive drainage , ie adequate gravity drainage to atmosphere daylight or a sump pump 3 Twelve 12 inches minimum clearance from vault walls and floor 4 Installation in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations 173 Testing and Certifications for all RPZ Backflow Preventer Assemblies A Initial testing must be completed and certification must be submitted to Johnston County Utilities prior to water meter being set B Bi - annual testing once every two years with certification must be completed as the owner responsibility The written bi - annual every other year certification must be submitted to Johnston County Public Utilities A late fee of 100 per month or more will be assessed for failure to submit bi - annual every other year certifications 18 Encasement 181 All pipelines 8 inch in diameter and larger installed under roadways shall be installed as a carrier pipe inside an encasement pipe Encasement shall extend a minimum of 8 feet from the edge of pavement on each side of the roadway PART 2 - MATERIALS 21 General All materials and appurtenances shall meet the following minimum standard requirements therefore All material that comes in contact with potable water shall meet ANSI NSY61 standards Pipe shall be of the type , size , class and diameter as hereinafter specified General design considerations shall comply with all applicable AWWA Standards for each type and to the following Pipe smaller than 12 ” diameter shall be ductile iron Class 150 AWWA C151 , PVC AWWA C900 DR 25 or HDPE DIPS DR 9 WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 5 2022 RevisionPagePage pageNumber6SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS Pipe diameter 12 ” and larger shall be ductile iron , HDPE DIPS DR 9 All fire hydrant legs from the main to the hydrant shall be ductile iron pipe Trench width for buried pipe design shall be considered as the outside diameter of the pipe plus two 2 feet , at the bottom and up to one foot above the top of the pipe Stone bedding to the spring line of the pipe is required for buried pipe in all wet or unsuitable soil areas In other areas with suitable trench conditions , buried pipe shall be designed for laying conditions as shown in standard water details flat bottom trench - tamped backfill to withstand all internal pressures and external loads with a minimum depth to cover of three feet for pipelines eight inches and smaller in diameter , and three feet - six inches for lines 10 inches and larger in diameter , and greater depths of cover where required plus an H - 20 live load in accordance current with AASTHO Specifications Design pressure shall consist of a minimum of 150 psi working pressure plus 100 psi surge allowance unless designated otherwise by the County or required by actual design conditions Pipe diameters called for shall be the minimum net inside diameter of the pipe after any required lining is placed , with a maximum tolerance of 1 4 inch on the minus side , for sizes through 36 - inch diameter Pipe fittings shall be of the size , and at least the same class as the pipe with which they are used Ductile iron fittings shall be used with all ductile iron pipe and PVC pipe 4 inches or larger in diameter Compact DI fittings may be used , and all DI fittings shall be mechanical joint type for buried installations and flanged for above ground and vault installations All ductile iron fittings shall be cement lined and coated with the exception of sleeves All valves shall have standard mechanical joint ends , except where flanged or other type ends are specifically required Flanges , where required , shall be a minimum of 125 - lb ANSI standard , unless operating pressure requires stronger flanges All valves shall be furnished with 2 ” square operating nuts , or handwheels as necessary for above ground service All valves shall be of at least the same class as the pipe with which they are used A valve box with lid reading “ water ” shall be provided for each underground valve Precast concrete manholes , with a flat top and cast - iron frame and cover , shall be provided for all air valves A pre - cast concrete manhole shall be provided for all gate valves larger than 16 ” and all gate valves installed deeper than 6 feet All valve box riser sections shall be ductile iron All materials used in potable water systems must meet the “ lead free ” requirements set forth in the Reduction of Lead in Drinking Water Act of 2011 Lead content in all materials used shall not exceed a weighted average of 025 lead content in the WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 6 2022 RevisionPagePage pageNumber7SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS wetted surface materials Service saddles and water distribution main gate valves that are 2 inches in diameter or larger are exempt from this requirement 22 Ductile Cast Iron Pipe Ductile cast iron pipe shall be centrifugally cast of ductile cast iron Class 50 having a minimum tensile strength of 60,000 psi , a minimum yield strength of 42,000 psi , and a minimum elongation of 10 percent Grade 60 - 42 - 10 It shall be designed , manufactured , and shall conform to the requirements of ANSI A2150 and ANSI A2151 AWWA C151 - 1991 Standards , for a minimum 150 psi operating pressure plus a minimum allowance of 100 psi for surge Nominal laying lengths shall be 18 to 20 feet nominal maximum of 20 percent of each size for each order being as much as 24 inches shorter than the nominal laying length and an additional 10 percent as much as 6 inches shorter than nominal laying length Pipe joints shall be bell and spigot , push - on , gasketed type except where other joint types are specifically required by the Plans Dimensions shall conform to the requirements of ANSI A216 , ANSI A218 , ANSI A2111 , and WW - P - 42 1C , as applicable Dimensions shall be gauged at sufficiently frequent intervals to assure dimensional control Insides of sockets and outside of spigot ends shall be tested with circular gages Tolerances below the standard thickness of pipe and bell shall not exceed Allow Minus Tolerances Size inches inches 4 - 8 005 10 - 12 006 14 - 42 007 All pipe shall be tested at the factory in accordance with AWWA requirements for each type Each pipe shall be coated on the outside with standard bituminous coating of either coal tar or asphalt base approximately one mil thick The coating shall be continuous , smooth , and strongly adherent to the pipe and shall not become brittle from cold or sticky from heat WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 7 2022 RevisionPagePage pageNumber8SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS Interior surfaces of each pipe , for water service , shall be cement lined in accordance with ANSI 214 , with minimum thickness of 1 16 - inch for 3 to 12 - inch pipe and 3 32 - inch for 14 to 24 - inch pipe , and 1 8 - inch for 30 to 48 - inch pipe Each pipe shall be weighed prior to placing of inside lining Weight , nominal thickness , sampling period , and class of pipe shall be shown on each pipe The manufacturer’s year of production and the letters DI or DUCTILE shall also be cast or stamped on the pipe All markings shall be clear and legible and on , or near , the bell end 23 Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe PVC pipe shall be rigid polyvinyl chloride with integrally formed , factory fabricated for rubber ring type joints It shall be suitable for all conditions imposed by Plan locations and for a minimum working pressure of 150 psi , plus 100 - psi surge allowance at 73 degrees F Pipe shall be Type 1 , Grade 1 , made from clear virgin material and shall conform to all requirements of AWWA Specifications C - 900 or C - 905 , Class 150 All pipe shall bear the manufacturer’s name , specification , and class pipe Provisions must be made for expansion and contraction at each joint , through the rubber gasket and pipe bell Laying lengths shall be 20 feet 1 inch , or 38 feet 1 inch except that , random lengths may be furnished for special connections and other special uses Stored PVC pipe shall not be exposed to sunlight for more than ninety 90 days Any excess pipe stored on - site for more than 90 days shall be covered with an opaque tarpaulin with means provided for heat dissipation and ventilation Pipe discolored due to sunlight exposure shall not be installed in the County’s distribution system The County’s representative shall determine the suitability of the exposed pipe The installation date for all PVC pipe shall be no later than one year from the date of manufacture as stamped on the pipe 231 Fusible PVC Fusible PVC pipe shall conform to AWWA C900 , AWWA C905 , ASTM D2241 or ASTM D1785 for standard dimensions , as applicable Testing shall be in accordance with the referenced AWWA standards for all pipe types Fusible PVC pipe shall be extruded with plain ends The ends shall be square to the pipe and free of any bevel or chamfer There shall be no bell or gasket of any kind incorporated into the pipe Fusible polyvinylchloride pipe shall be manufactured in a standard 40 ’ nominal WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 8 2022 RevisionPagePage pageNumber9SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS length , or custom lengths as specified Pipe shall be marked as follows 1 Nominal pipe size 2 PVC 3 Dimension Ratio , Standard Dimension Ratio , or Schedule 4 AWWA pressure class , or standard pressure rating for non - AWWA pipe , as applicable 5 AWWA standard designation number , or pipe type for non - AWWA pipe , as applicable 6 NSF - 61 mark verifying suitability for potable water service 7 Extrusion production - record code 8 Trademark or trade name 9 Cell Classification 12454 and or PVC material code 1120 may also be included Pipe shall be homogeneous throughout and be free of visible cracks , holes , foreign material , blisters , or other visible deleterious faults 24 HDPE Pipe HDPE pipe for directional drilling must be SDR9 or heavier and sized to have the inside diameter of the HDPE pipe to match the inside diameter of the connecting water main Connection of HDPE pipe shall be installed using fused HDPE flanged connection to FL x PE DIP Connection details must be specifically approved by the County 25 Electronic Marker Balls Electronic location markers shall consist of 4 marker balls having a passive device capable of reflecting a specifically designated repulse frequency , unique to the utility being installed The marker ball will contain a passive - tuned antenna , molded inside a plastic disk , which is free - floating inside a water - resistant polyethylene shell The shell shall be impervious to minerals , chemicals and temperature extremes Marker balls shall be color coded in accordance with the American Public Works Association’s utility location and coordinating council standards Electronic marker balls shall be as manufactured by 3M Telecom Systems or equal Marker balls shall be installed directly over the center line of the point to be located , and a minimum of 6 from any metal objects Burial shall not be less than 18 nor more than 2 feet Marker balls shall be installed concurrently with water mains Ball markers to be hand backfilled to 1 foot above ball marker as to prevent movement or WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 9 2022 RevisionPage0SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS damage The maximum depth for marker ball burial shall be 2 feet Electronic marker balls shall be installed at the following locations 251 On ductile iron and PVC pipe 1 At a minimum of every one hundred linear feet directly over main line 2 At bends 22 and 1 2 degrees and larger 3 At capped or plugged ends if no blow - off assembly 4 At tees over main line At reducers 26 Electronic Marker Tape Tracer Wire Electronic Marker Tape to be installed on all PVC water lines and all ductile iron lines installed at depths greater than 6 ft All Electronic Marker Tape for water piping , valves , outlets and other appurtenances shall be color - coded blue , taped , or otherwise marked to identify the source as potable water Electronic Marker Tape to be laid in the same ditch to the side of the pipe no more than one foot from the pipe , secured to the pipe every 25 feet , and with a minimum cover of two foot deep Tracer stations shall be installed at intervals no less than 300 feet a part or from other above ground conductive appurtenances hydrants , blow - offs Tracer stations shall be housed in a valve box labeled TS The tracer wire shall be # 12 copper wire The tape shall be fastened to the inside of valve box with three feet of excess wire in the box for connectivity All Electronic Marker Tape installed in steel encasements shall be inspected and tested to ensure that no damage occurred during installation 27 Encasement Pipe Installations Encasement pipe for installation under highways and railroads shall be spiral welded steel pipe conforming to ASTM Specification A252 - 61 , Grade 2 Encasement pipe shall conform to DOT specifications for pipe laying for highway crossings and to AREA specifications for railroad crossings The pipe shall be furnished with a bituminous coating on the outside 271 Carrier Pipe - DI with locking gaskets 272 Spacers – Stainless steel “ spiders ” shall be provided At least 2 spacers per joint shall be provided for ductile iron carrier pipe 28 Ductile Cast Iron Fittings Ductile cast iron fittings shall conform to the requirements of ANSI Specification A2110 , with mechanical joint ends conforming to ANSI Specification A2111 , except that material and manufacturer shall conform to ASTM Specification A339 , Grade 80 - 60 - 3 All fittings , except sleeves , shall be bituminous coated and cement lined as required for pipe Where flanged ends are required , flanges shall conform to WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 10 2022 RevisionPage1SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS applicable requirements of ANSI B161 and ANSI B16b Minimum class shall be class 350 pipe No push - on joint ends will be allowed Compact fittings are acceptable 29 Tapping Sleeves and Saddles Tapping sleeves shall be used on all taps greater than 2 Tapping sleeves and saddles shall only be used in applications where the tap is a smaller than the main line In areas with poor materials , stone backfilling shall be used Tapping sleeves shall be shall be the wide banded type , with two 2 304 or 316 stainless steel bands , suitable for bolting in place on the pipe to be tapped The body construction shall be a minimum of Outlet Half load bearing half Outlet sizes 2 ” - 8 ” 12 - gauge stainless steel Outlet sizes 10 ” & larger 10 - gauge stainless steel Back Half conforming half 14 - gauge stainless steel Outlet schedule 10 stainless steel pipe to accept full size cutter Flange stainless steel Length Outlet Size Length 2 ” - 6 ” 15 ” 8 ” 21 ” 10 ” 27 ” 12 ” 30 ” Sleeve shall meet all the requirements of ANSI AWWA C110 A2110 and C111 A211 Tapping sleeves shall have a full circumferential gasket Lubricate pipe and face of gasket with water or soap - water Do not use petroleum - based products such as grease or pipe lubricant Tapping sleeves shall be JCM 432 , Mueller H - 304 , Ford FTSS , Romac ST III , TPS Triple Tap or approved equal 210 Gaskets Gaskets for pipe and fittings shall be continuous ring of rubber material compounded to resist deterioration and of a texture to assure a permanent and watertight seal They shall have smooth surfaces , free from pitting , blisters , porosity or any other defects Gaskets shall conform to the requirements of AWWA specification C301 and Federal Specification WW - P 4211 In areas with known or suspected petroleum contaminated soils , petroleum rated gaskets shall be used WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 11 2022 RevisionPage2SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS 211 Gate Valves Gate valves shall be used in sizes 16 ” or smaller and shall be used in buried applications Gate valves shall be iron body , resilient wedge , non - rising stem and provided with suitable stem seals They shall comply with C111 A2111 and be designed for an operating pressure of 200 psi All valves shall open left counter clockwise Buried valves shall have a 2 - inch square operating rest Extension stems shall be furnished where depth of bury places the operating nut in excess of four feet below finished grade Extension stems must have centering ring Gate valves larger than 16 ” shall be installed in manholes and equipped with standard gear operator The valves shall be designed for installation in a vertical position and shall be equipped with track , scrappers , and rollers or trunnions Valve interior coating shall be the industry standard unless otherwise specified and outside for all potable water services Buried valves shall be coated on the outside with bituminous or asphalt coating approximately ten mil thick Valves should be installed on all branches from feeder mains and between mains and hydrants according to the following schedule 1 Three valves at crosses , all within 2 feet of the fitting 2 Two valves at tees within 2 feet of the fitting 3 One valve on a single hydrant branch within 2 feet of the tee , if practical 212 Butterfly Valves Butterfly valves shall conform to the requirements of ANSI C504 213 Valve Boxes Valve boxes shall be of cast iron , three - piece screw type with covers and bases They shall be of suitable size for the valve with which they are used and fully adjustable for depth of setting , extension pieces being furnished where necessary Drop type covers shall be provided for each box with the proper word “ WATER ” designating the valve service cast into its top surface Brick bases shall be provided and shall be so designed to fully support the box without weight of the box and or superimposed load being transmitted to any part of the valve or adjacent pipe on either side All valve boxes and lids shall be the same size and interchangeable with the County’s existing valve box A circular precast concrete collar shall be installed around all valve boxes WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 12 2022 RevisionPage3SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS 214 Pressure Air Relief Valves The valves shall be designed for at least 150 - psi pressure Air valves shall be installed in a precast , flat - top manhole with a cast iron frame and cover A suitable ¼ turn ball cut off valve shall be provided Isolation valve and inlet piping shall be stainless steel 215 Fire Hydrants Fire hydrants shall be of the compression type , dry top , of cast iron and shall conform to the requirements of AWWA C502 as provided by Mueller , Clow , Kennedy , or American Darling They shall have six - inch 6 mechanical joint connections with a minimum 4 - 1 4 - inch main valve Each hydrant shall have two 2 - 1 2 - inch hose nozzles and Storz connection with washers Barrel lengths shall be generally for 3 - 1 2 - foot trench , except where other lengths are necessitated by the hydrant location Operating nuts shall be 1 - 7 8 inch pentagonal and open in a counterclockwise direction Thread shall be National Standard type The hydrant barrel shall be made in two sections joined together a few inches above the ground line by a watertight coupling , or break ring , so designed that if a break occurs , it will occur at this point The ring shall be of ample strength for ordinary service , and be easily and cheaply replaceable The valve stem shall be in two sections , jointed by a special coupling at the same point as the break ring , so designed that if the hydrant is broken , the coupling will break and the valve not be disturbed All working parts shall be removable without disconnecting the hydrant Fire hydrant bonnets and nozzle caps shall be coated with Silver - White 1440 Alert Reflective Coating meeting the physical requirements of General Electric Specification A8B100A1 - S1 or approved equal The fire hydrant 90 - degree base elbow and gate valve shall have lock ring glands Fire hydrants shall be set plumb with break rings at final grade or no higher than 4 ” above final grade A repair kit shall be provided for every 10 hydrants and a minimum of one per project 216 Blow - Offs Blow - Offs shall conform to the details provided The blow - off assembly shall consist of all fittings , pipe , and appurtenances as shown in standard water details The valve shall meet the requirements for other gate valves and shall be suitable for the anticipated pressure Blow - off assembly piping shall be brass or DI The WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 13 2022 RevisionPage4SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS standpipe shall be installed so that the top of the standpipe shall be no more than 4 ” - 6 ” below grade Blow - offs shall be located in areas which will allow for positive drainage that will not cause damage or erosion and will not create a nuisance 217 Valve Markers Valve markers shall be as shown on the detail and of concrete , reinforced as shown Concrete shall be of a mix design to produce a 3,000 - psi compressive strength at 28 days They shall be marked with recessed letters , either MV , AV , or BO In subdivisions or residential areas , the valve markers shall be 10 ” above grade Valve markers in all other areas shall be 18 ” above grade The markers shall be installed so all letters on the markers face the installed valve 218 Water Service Meters and Appurtenances 2181 Water meters for individual residences and small commercial unit services shall be displacement disc type with magnetic drive and hermetically sealed register The meters shall conform to the design and accuracy requirements of AWWA Specification C700 - 71 Registers shall be straight reading with units of gallons Meters shall have male threaded ends and copper alloy cases and shall have a minimum warranty of one 1 year after installation to be free from defects in workmanship and materials Meters for normal single - family residential service shall be 5 8 x 3 4 with a safe operating capacity of 20 gpm Meters for other services shall be of a size requested and approved by the County Manufacturer of meters shall be Neptune unless otherwise approved by the County 2182 For projects that will be provided retail service by the County through a ¾ ” , 1 ” , or 1 1 2 ” connection , meters shall be provided by Johnston County Department of Utilities at the developer’s or customer’s expense and set by the County For projects that will be provided retail service by the County through a 2 ” or larger connection , meters shall be provided by Johnston County Department of Utilities at the developer’s or customer’s expense and set by the Contractor during the construction of the meter vault 2183 Copper meter yokes with lockable angle meter stops shall be used on all new water services Yokes for water services 2 ” and larger shall be sized for a compound meter installation 2184 Meter couplings shall be standard bronze , suitable for meters with male WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 14 2022 RevisionPage5SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS threaded ends 2185 Angle meter stops shall be heavy - duty bronze with double O - ring seals and threaded ends and shall be the same size as the meter Angle meter stops shall be lockable in the off position Outlets shall have dual purpose nuts 2186 Meter boxes shall be rectangular or oval type with minimum nominal dimensions of 20 x 10 - 1 2 x 12 lwd Lids shall have a DI hinged door Boxes shall be plastic except for traffic bearing installations , which shall be cast iron All meter boxes must have a 2 ” hole in lid of the box Meter boxes and yokes for 1 ½ ” water services shall be “ oversized ” Meter boxes for 2 ” water services and larger should be precast concrete with a cast iron lid containing a 2 ” hole in the lid 2187 Corporation stops shall be heavy - duty bronze with double O - ring seals and threaded ends and shall be suitable for use with all standard water works tapping machines Stiffener inserts shall be plastic Corporation stops shall be rated for a minimum working pressure of 300 psi 2188 Water service pipe shall be polyethylene tubing rated for 200 psi Where water services are “ paired ” , a single 1 ” service line may be provided with a bronze wye Where service lines cross under pavement and are installed by open cut , a 2 ” schedule 40 PVC sleeve shall be provided the length of the road 2189 Water service saddles shall be wide body style for PVC water mains Ford S - 70 , JCM 403 , Mueller H - 134 or equal or double strap style for ductile iron water mains Ford S - 90 , JCM 403 , Mueller BR2B or equal Body shall be stainless steel , bronze or brass with o - ring seal , manufactured to meet AWWA C800 Saddles shall be used for ¾ ” , 1 ” and 1 ½ ” service outlet diameter taps 21810 A resilient seat gate valve with 2 ” operating nut and valve box must be installed at the tap for all services 1 ½ ” and larger in diameter 219 Mechanical Couplings Mechanical couplings shall be Dresser , Style 38 couplings for cast iron and steel pipe Equal styles by Rockwell , Smith - Blair and other manufacturers may be employed WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 15 2022 RevisionPage6SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS PART 3 – INSTALLATION , INSPECTIONS AND TESTS 31 Installation 311 Location Pipework shall be installed at the locations shown on the Plans and to the position , alignment , and grade shown thereon Prior to beginning work at any location , the Contractor shall consult with the Engineer and Owner to determine that all rights - of - way , easements , permits , or other legalities are in order He shall familiarize himself with all conditions and or limitations of such rights - of - way , easements and permits and shall fully comply with all such requirements All work shall be confined to rights - of - way , easements or permit limits and any encroachment beyond such limits shall be the Contractors liability 312 Relation of Water Main to Other Utilities Whenever it is necessary for a water main to run parallel to a sewer force main or reclaimed water distribution line , 10 foot horizontal distance shall be maintained unless local conditions or barriers prevent 10 foot separation , in which case the water main shall be laid in a separate trench , with the elevation of the bottom of the water main at least 18 inches above the top of the sewer ; or the water main shall be laid in the same trench as the sewer , with the water main located at one side on a bench of undisturbed earth and with the elevation of the bottom of the water main at least 18 inches above the top of the sewer 3121 Crossing a Water Main Under or Over a Sewer or Reclaimed Water Line Crossing shall place the waterline over the sewer or reclaimed waterline whenever possible Whenever it is necessary for a water main to cross under or over a sewer or reclaimed waterline , 18 inches of vertical separation from the outside of each pipe must be maintained A section of water main pipe shall be centered at the point of crossing 3122 Crossing a Storm Drain shall be avoided as much as possible Pipelines shall be installed a minimum of 3ft off end of pipe and with a minimum of 36 inches of cover 3123 Crossing a Storm Drain 30 Inches and smaller and with a Water Main Whenever it is necessary for a water main to cross over a storm drain , the water main shall be laid at such an elevation that the bottom of the water main is at least 12 inches above the top of the storm drain and maintain 30 inches of cover , or NC DOT standards whichever is greater Whenever it is necessary for a water main to cross under a storm drain , the water line shall be constructed of ferrous materials or HDPE fused material for a distance of 10 feet on either side of the point of crossing The water main shall be installed with a minimum of 12 inches separation to the storm drain 3114 Crossing a Storm Drain 36 Inches and larger and with a Water Main Will only be WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 16 2022 RevisionPage7SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS allowed in hardship cases and must meet all the requirements of NC DOT and the NC - PWS design standards whichever is applicable 313 Clearing & Grubbing Clearing and grubbing , where required , shall be done prior to beginning of pipe installation It shall be done in accordance with applicable portions of items of General Conditions and the following A The Contractor shall consult with the Owner and Engineer prior to starting clearing and a full understanding is to be reached as to procedure The Contractor shall then conduct clearing and grubbing operations in strict accordance with these agreements 1 Clearing of trees and brush along the pipeline shall be carefully done so that no damage will occur outside of the limits of the right - of - way Trees and brush must be cut by hand and trees felled within the right - of - way limits Trees 6 inched or more in diameter shall be trimmed , cut into usable lengths of 3 feet , or as DIRECTED BY THE OWNER disposed of in a manner approved by the Engineer 2 Brush , laps , roots , etc , shall be disposed off - site in a manner approved by the Engineer Burning of trees , brush and debris will not be permitted , unless the appropriate permits have been obtained 3 Grubbing of stumps that are in the way of construction shall be done in any convenient manner which will not cause damage to remaining trees or adjacent property Stumps shall be disposed as for brush or laps above 4 Limits of the pipe - laying operation shall be confined to the right - of - way and easements The width of clearing shall be held to a minimum and in no case more than the width of the easement , without the written consent of the Engineer 314 Work on Highway Right - Of - Way 3141 The Contractor shall not begin work on any property of the Department of Transportation until necessary right - of - way encroachment permits are in hand Prior to any construction in the NCDOT right - of - way , the contractor shall videotape the proposed utility route in order to verify pre - existing conditions and provide the County with a dated digital copy He shall conform to all requirements of the Department of Transportation or its authorized representatives in the prosecution of this portion of the work It shall be the responsibility of the contractor to contact the local highway representative and to determine the exact requirements for work to be done Requirements shall include , but are not limited to the following WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 17 2022 RevisionPage8SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS 3142 Where a pipeline crosses under a highway , it shall be installed either by open cut , in tunnel , or in encasement under the highway Materials and method of crossing shall be indicated on the Plans for each crossing Where pipe is installed by open cut , at least one full lane for traffic shall be kept open and clear at all times The contractor shall be responsible for any certifications and testing required for open - cut installations ? The Contractor shall provide full - time flagmen , with appropriate stop signs , at all times when work is in progress ? Necessary warning and descriptive signs shall be provided and placed at each end of the working area while work is in progress along highways These signs shall be well tended and shall be placed at sufficient distances from the site of the work so that ample warning is given to approaching traffic Signs shall be removed when daily work is completed ? The Contractor shall keep all streets open to traffic at all times unless permitted otherwise by County Representative or Department of Transportation as applicable The Contractor shall provide , place and maintain temporary traffic control devices as directed by the County Representative or Department of Transportation The latest edition of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways as prepared by the National Joint Committee on Uniform Traffic Control Devices shall be used as a guide in the placement of devices and all devices shall meet the requirements of said manual ? Where pipe is installed in open cut across a highway , the cut shall be immediately backfilled with ABC stone and compacted per NCDOT specifications All the work of repairing the pavement must be completed immediately Any subsequent settlement shall be immediately corrected and repaired ? Where pavement is cut and replaced , the Contractor shall cut the edges to a straight and even line before repairing the pavement No ragged edges will be allowed or accepted ? Where asphalt pavement or bituminous surfacing is cut , the entire area to be repaired shall be primed with an asphalt prime coat , acceptable to the Department of Transportation before the pavement is replaced ? When required , the Contractor shall furnish to the Department of Transportation a 100 Performance Bond for the amount of work to be undertaken boring or paving to be cut and replaced along highways Bond is required in North Carolina ? Unless otherwise indicated , no excavated material shall be placed on the pavement side of the ditch , along State Highways The least possible amount of trench will be left open when work is not in progress and equipment shall be removed from the pavement and shoulders during shutdown periods ? Screenings shall be used where excavated material is placed on the pavement WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 18 2022 RevisionPage9SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS ? Roadways shall be completely cleaned at the end of each workday ? Shoulders of roadways shall be left in good , acceptable condition and all topsoil and grass that is disturbed shall be replaced The Contractor shall pay the cost of all Department of Transportation inspectors time if required on the job 315 Work on Railroad Right - Of - Way 3151 The Contractor shall not begin work on any property of the railroad until he has secured necessary permits Prior to any construction in the railroad right - of - way , the contractor shall videotape the proposed utility route in order to verify pre - existing conditions He shall conform to all requirements of the railroad , or its authorized representatives 316 Bored Encasement Installation 3161 No bore pits or equipment shall be placed outside the right - of - way or easement with out expressed consent of landowner 3162 Encasement pipe which is dry bored under highways and railroads for installation of water lines shall be installed at the locations , to the gradients , and within the tolerances if any , as shown on the plans In event the encasement is installed off grade or seriously out of line , then another encasement pipe will be dry bored as close as practical to the original pipe with no additional compensation allowed therefore The original encasement must be sealed with a watertight concrete plug min 3 ft deep at each end When boring equipment is removed , compacted material 95 should be brought up to the invert of the pipe 3163 Pipelines installed through steel encasement shall meet specifications herein described and all Department of Transportation or Railroad specifications and guidelines for installing pipelines through steel encasement pipe Upon insertion of the pipeline through the encasement pipe , the ends of the encasement pipe shall be sealed with brick and mortar Brick and mortar shall be as herein specified , and the seal shall be such to withstand hydrostatic pressure from ground water and all backfill loads Contractor shall provide means to prevent water line from floating within the encasement pipe Grouting procedure will not be allowed 3164 Casing pipe and joints shall be of leak proof construction , capable of withstanding railway or traffic loading The diameter of the casing pipe shall be at least 4 greater than the largest outside diameter of the carrier pipe , joints , or couplings for carrier pipe less than 6 in diameter and at least 4 greater for carrier pipe , 6 in diameter and greater , unless indicated differently on drawings Further , the casing pipe shall be of great enough diameter to allow carrier pipe to be removed subsequently without disturbing the case pipe and immediate areas 3165 Steel encasement and carrier pipe shall be as specified in item 26 of this section or as required by the railway owner , whichever is greater WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 19 2022 RevisionPage0SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS 317 Trench Excavation 3171 Trenches for pipe shall be dug true to line and grade and to the following requirements Depth of cover shall not be less than 3 - 0 for pipe up to 8 in diameter and 3 - 6 for pipe 10 and larger in diameter , measured to the top of pipe , unless shown differently on the profile or authorized by the Engineer The depth of cover shall be measured from edge of pavement or finished grade , whichever is deeper If the water main is installed in the bottom of the ditch , the depth of cover shall be measured from the bottom of the ditch 3172 Sides of trenches shall be kept as nearly vertical as possible They shall be at least 12 and not more than 18 wider at the top of the pipe than the outside diameter of the pipe , plus sheathing where it is necessary Where paving is to be cut , it shall be cut in advance of trenching 1 wider than the specified width of the trench 3173 Where soil conditions prohibit vertical walls , the trench width at the bottom and at 1 above the top of the pipe shall be as specified above with the remainder being held to the least possible width greater than that specified Where soil conditions prevent ditch excavation without excessive widths , or where directed by the Engineer , wood sheeting , as hereinafter specified , shall be driven to support the trench walls or a suitably reinforced steel trench box shall be employed 3174 Trench bottoms shall be hand graded to provide uniform and continuous bearing for the pipe along its entire length , with bell holes being dug for pipe bells No ridges , sags , or undercutting will be allowed Excess excavating below grade shall be backfilled with suitable material , which shall be thoroughly tamped 3175 If approved by the Engineer and subject to suitable soil conditions , the trench may be excavated a few inches below the established subgrade and backfilled with select material from the excavation , if available well compacted and so shaped as to give the pipes uniform bearing throughout their lengths at the established grade Bell holes shall be dug to relieve the bells of load and to provide for completing the joints 3176 Where the material at grade is unstable , soft , and incapable of supporting the pipe , the trench shall be excavated below grade , as directed by the Engineer , and refilled to grade with crusher - run stone or gravel to form a firm foundation for the pipe Stone shall be compacted and graded to provide a stable foundation and a uniform bearing for pipe Bell holes shall be provided as in other types of foundations 3177 When authorized by the Engineer , the Contractor shall dispose of material excavated from the trench that is unsuitable for backfill material The Contractor shall provide select borrow material to replace unsuitable material for backfilling the trench as directed 3178 Should ground water be encountered in the bottom of the trench , causing the trench bottom to be unstable , the material , as directed by the Engineer , shall be excavated below grade WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 20 2022 RevisionPage1SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS sufficiently to allow a bed of crushed rock or gravel to be place in which to bed the pipe The crushed rock or gravel shall be placed up to the spring line of the pipe The work shall be done as for unstable foundations The depth of cut below grade shall be only the minimum amount to accomplish the purpose , and shall be as directed by the Engineer 3179 The Contractor shall furnish all machinery for pumping , bailing , and or well pointing and shall pump , bail , or otherwise remove any water which may be found or shall accumulate in the trenches , and shall perform all work necessary to keep them clear of water while the pipe is being laid The disposal of water after removal shall be satisfactory to the Engineer 31710 Whenever necessary , the side of the trench shall be braced and rendered secure and either open or closed sheeting used to the satisfaction of the Engineer ; such sheeting and bracing to be left in place until the trench is refilled to a safe limit , not less than 2 ft above the top of the pipe The top portion may then be cut off , but the lower portion shall remain undisturbed In lieu of sheeting , suitable trench boxes may be employed All sheeting , bracing , trench boxes , and trench construction methods shall conform to the latest Department of Labor Safety and Health Regulations for construction promulgated under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 31711 All existing water , sewer , and gas lines , buried electrical and telephone cable , and other known utilities intersecting the lines of construction , if requested by the Engineer or County’s representative , shall be uncovered by the Contractor at his expense and exposed to the Engineer at least 100 ft ahead of pipe laying operations to insure the correctness of grades 31712 The Contractor shall at all times take necessary precautions in preventing gutters , catch basins , ditches and other drainage facilities from being clogged that might cause flooding conditions and damage to public or private properties 31713 Rock Removal , Blasting 317131 In rock or other unyielding material , the excavation shall be made at least 6 below subgrade elevation The trench shall be refilled with select material compacted in place as specified for ordinary excavation Suitable material from excavation may be used , if available If not , it shall be hauled in 317132 All blasting , where required , shall be done under the personal supervision of someone thoroughly skilled in this class of work All necessary measures to protect life and property shall be taken When in close proximity to buildings , transmission lines , telephone lines or other facilities , timber mats or other means of preventing damage from flying debris shall be used Ample and suitable signals shall be given in proximity to the work before each blast , and flagmen shall be placed on all roads , beyond the danger zone , in every direction to warn traffic All responsibility for damage rests on WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 21 2022 RevisionPage2SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS the Contractor A Prior to any blasting , a pre - blast survey must be conducted including an evaluation of any structures within 500 ft of the proposed blasting The survey shall also determine well recover rates for any water supply wells within 100 ’ of the proposed blasting The Contractor shall not contact property owners directly for pre - blast surveying until the County has first provided notification to affected residents The County is not responsible for any delays associated with pre - blast surveying or notifications B The approved NCDOT Encroachment Agreement for the project does not allow blasting in the NCDOT right - of - way If the contractor wishes to perform blasting in the right - of - way , it shall be the responsibility of the contractor to provide any necessary information to NCDOT and acquire the revised encroachment agreement The Owner shall not be responsible for any delays associated with seeking blasting approval from NC DOT C Submittals required for blasting approval a Names , addresses , telephone numbers , and qualifications of the blasting subcontractor s and explosive supplier s that will be used Contact and licensing for the designated Blaster - In - Charge b Copies of certificates of completion of specialized training for the handling of explosives for the designated Blaster - In - Charge , blasting foreman and any other key personnel responsible for the work c A blasting plan , indicating the methods , materials , and equipment to be used The blasting plan shall indicate the types of explosives , drilling patterns , and general layout to be used to execute the work A licensed blaster shall select the materials and design the blasting pattern The blasting plan shall include a schedule The plan shall meet all State regulations and be sealed by a professional engineer licensed in the North Carolina d A ground vibration and air blast monitoring plan , indicating structures that will be monitored , monitoring equipment that will be used , and personnel responsible for the monitoring D A minimum of 24 hours prior to each round of blasting , the Contractor shall submit a detailed blast round design plan to the Engineer’s on - site representative The blasting plan submitted is for quality control and record keeping purposes Review by the Engineer shall not relieve the Contractor of his responsibilities as provided herein The blast round design submittals shall include a Location state grid coordinates and limits of the shot b Number , diameter , and depth of blast holes to be detonated in the round , and a plan showing drill hole pattern , spacing and distance to the free face WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 22 2022 RevisionPage3SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS c Depth of overburden d Types and total weight of the explosives to be used in the round e Loading diagram showing the location of explosives , primers , and initiators ; location , depth , and type of stemming to be used in each hole f Initiation sequence , including delay timer and delay system , total weight of explosive to be detonated on each delay , and a list of timing of delays g Manufacturer’s data sheet for all explosives , primers , and initiators used h Planned seismic monitoring positions , distances from the blast round , and seismograph types to the used to monitor vibrations and air blast overpressures i Type and amount of blasting mats and or depth of soil cover to be used over the top surface of the shot j Any other information required by applicable State and Federal regulations E The Contractor and subcontractor s shall comply with all applicable Federal , State , and local codes , laws , rules and regulations as well as professional society standards for the storage transportation and use of explosives F Blasting is subject to the following warning levels and not to exceed limits Variable Warning Level Not - to - Exceed Limit Vibration PPV gt; 40 Hz 075 in sec 19 mm sec 10 in sec 25 mm sec Vibration PPV lt; 40 Hz 040 in sec 10 mm sec 05 in sec 13 mm sec Air - overpressure noise 120 dBL 133 dBL G Post - Blast Reporting – within three 3 days of each blast , the Contractor shall submit post - blast reports including the following information at a minimum a Results and effectiveness of the blast and any proposed changes to subsequent site - specific blast plans b Blast monitoring report i Type , identification and specific location of monitoring equipment ii Distance and direction of blast iii PPV in each direction and peak vector sum iv Maximum air - overpressure c Blast damage report when necessary d Drilling records including blast pattern and blast hole drill logs WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 23 2022 RevisionPage4SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS 317133 Rock Excavation for trenches and pits includes removal and disposal of materials and obstructions encountered that cannot be excavated with a track - mounted power excavator , equivalent to Caterpillar Model No 320 CL , and rated at not less than 138 HP flywheel and 44,000 - pound drawbar pull and equipped with a short stick and a 30 - inch - wide , tight tip radius rock bucket with rock teeth rated at 075 cubic yard heaped capacity i Typical of materials classified as rock are boulders one - half 1 2 cubic yard or more in volume , solid rock , rock in ledges , and rock - hard cementitious aggregate deposits ii Intermittent drilling , blasting , or ripping performed to increase production and not necessary to permit excavation of material encountered will be classified as earth excavation iii Do not perform rock excavation work until material to be excavated has been cross - sectioned and classified by the Owner’s representative , and such information provided to the Engineer for approval 317134 Rock shall be defined as that solid material that cannot be excavated under the conditions stated above All blasting shall be done after coordination with the County representative and subject to all applicable regulations The County reserves the right to require the removal of rock by means other than blasting where any pipe or conduit is either too close to or so situated with respect to the blasting as to make blasting hazardous Rock taken from the ditch shall immediately be hauled away and disposed of by the contractor at his expense 318 Pipe Installation 3181 The Contractor shall haul the pipe and appurtenances to the site of the work and distribute them neatly along the trench prior to laying The pipe shall be carefully handled to prevent damage Mechanical hoists or other approved methods shall be used in the handling Depth of cover shall not be less than 3ft for pipes 8 ” in diameter or less and 3ft - 6inches for pipes 10 and larger in diameter , measured to the top of pipe , except where shown differently on a profile or specifically authorized by the Engineer In addition to the cover requirements , the pipeline shall be installed 3ft under the centerline of the roadway when installed in the NC DOT right of way or in an easement immediately adjacent to the right of way 3182 Pipe and appurtenances shall be kept clean and open ends securely plugged when pipe and bell and spigots shall be thoroughly inspected and cleaned prior to lowering into the ditch and care shall be exercised after the pipe is in place to prevent dirt or other extraneous material from getting into the pipe or bells and into the spigot 3183 Spigots shall be fully seated in the bells and the pipe shall be uniformly bedded on the WATER MAINS SECTION 1 - 24 2022 RevisionPage5SECTION 1 - WATER MAINS bottom of the trench for its entire length with bells lying in previously dug bell holes sufficiently large to allow proper bedding and jointing Fittings , valves , and other appurtenances shall be located where shown on the Plans or directed by the Engineer , with the pipe being cut where necessary After joining , a reasonable amount of deflection may be made in the joint Such deflection shall not exceed the allowable amount specified by the manufacturer for each size of pipe The maximum deflection per joint for the class and diameter of the pipe shall be noted on the plans 3184 Where 4 ” and larger water main is installed around cul - de - sacs , fittings shall be used for bends 4 ” and larger piping will not be allowed to bend via deflection around cul - de - sacs All bends must be outside the pavement area The waterline must be extended to the last property line along the cul - de - sac 3185 Cast iron pipe shall be laid in accordance with the manufacturers instructions , applicable portions of AWWA Specification C600 and AWWA Specification C605 , and the following 31851 For mechanical joint pipe , Type II , the rubber rings shall be properly lubricated and spigots and bells cleaned before assembling the joint Units of bolted joints shall be tightened with special torque limiting wrenches set to provide the proper strain on the bolt , and all nuts tightened to that limit 31852 Rubber ring joints , Type III , shall be assembled in accordance with the manufacturers instructions The bell and spigot shall be absolutely clean prior to the seating of the gasket The gasket shall be wiped clean , flexed and properly inserted into the socket and seated evenly and properly Care shall be taken to eliminate any bulges which might interfere with the proper entry of the spigot A thin film of lubricant shall be applied to the inside surface of the gasket The joint shall then be completed by forcing the spigot into the bell until it makes contact with the bottom of the gasket This shall be done by use of a pipe jack and assembly , or other methods as approved by the Engineer 3186 PVC pipe shall be installed to all applicable portions of requirements for other pipe material and to the exact instructions of the manufacturer The bell and spigot shall be absolutely clean prior to the seating of the gasket The gasket shall be wiped clean , flexed and properly inserted into the socket and seated evenly and properly Care shall be taken to eliminate any bulges which might interfere with the proper entry of the spigot A thin film of lubricant shall be applied to the inside surface of the gasket The joint shall then be completed by forcing the spigot into the bell until it makes contact with the bottom of the gasket This shall be done by use of a pipe jack and assembly , or other methods as approved by the Engineer This process shall not be completed using a backhoe to force the spigot into the bell for 12 ” and smaller piping PVC pipe